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A sworn letter is a written statement made under oath before a commissioner for oaths or an authorised solicitor. It carries the same legal weight as an affidavit and can be used where an institution or authority requires a formal written assertion of fact backed by personal oath rather than a simple letter or unsworn statement.

Both require a formal oath and carry criminal liability for false statements. A statutory declaration is made under the Statutory Declarations Act 1835 and is typically used for administrative purposes where no court proceedings are involved. A sworn letter or affidavit is used in, or in connection with, court or quasi-judicial proceedings. The choice between them usually depends on what the receiving body requires.

Yes, subject to the rules of evidence. An affidavit or sworn letter tendered in civil proceedings must comply with the Civil Procedure Rules, and hearsay statements within it require a notice of intention to rely on hearsay under the Civil Evidence Act 1995. In criminal proceedings, a written statement can be used under section 9 of the Criminal Justice Act 1967 without cross-examination if agreed by all parties.

A commissioner for oaths, a solicitor with a current practising certificate who is authorised to administer oaths, or another person with statutory authority under the Oaths Act 1978. The administering officer must be independent of the matter and of the person swearing. Most solicitors' firms offer this service, typically for a fixed fee under the Commissioners for Oaths (Fees) Order 1993.

A sworn letter is binding on the deponent in the sense that they are personally liable for its accuracy. It does not automatically bind third parties who did not participate in its making. However, a court may rely on it as evidence against third parties in proceedings, and misrepresentations in a sworn letter used to induce a third party can give rise to claims in deceit or misrepresentation.

A company cannot swear an oath itself. The sworn letter must be made by a natural person, typically a director or officer of the company, who swears on their own behalf or on the company's behalf as its duly authorised representative. The letter should identify the deponent's capacity and authority. Execution as a deed may be an alternative where a company needs to give a binding formal commitment.

A sworn letter is invalid if it is not administered by an authorised person, if the deponent did not actually swear the oath or make an affirmation, if the administering officer has a conflict of interest, or if it is not signed by both the deponent and the officer. Alterations to the document after swearing also invalidate it unless initialled and countersigned at the time of swearing.

It should state the deponent's full name, address, and capacity, set out the facts being sworn to clearly and chronologically, be limited to matters within the deponent's personal knowledge unless hearsay is identified, include the jurat (the sworn declaration, date, and place), and be signed by the deponent and the administering officer. Exhibits should be identified in the body and attached separately.